
{"id":64650,"date":"2024-05-03T11:53:16","date_gmt":"2024-05-03T10:53:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sheffieldwire.co.uk\/?p=64650"},"modified":"2024-05-03T11:53:20","modified_gmt":"2024-05-03T10:53:20","slug":"women-less-likely-to-be-diagnosed-due-to-male-bias-of-autism-screening","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sheffieldwire.co.uk\/index.php\/2024\/05\/03\/women-less-likely-to-be-diagnosed-due-to-male-bias-of-autism-screening\/","title":{"rendered":"Women less likely to be diagnosed due to &#8216;male bias&#8217; of autism screening"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Women with autism are finding it harder to get a diagnosis due to a male bias in the methods used, according to a psychology expert.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The ratio of autistic males to females is estimated at <a href=\"https:\/\/www.autism.org.uk\/advice-and-guidance\/what-is-autism\/autistic-women-and-girls\">3:1<\/a>, but a &#8220;big gender disparity&#8221; and \u201cdisproportionate research funding\u201d is causing problems with female diagnosis, says Dr Gray Atherton, a psychology researcher at the University of Plymouth.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>There are 50 questions or statements in the<a href=\"https:\/\/novopsych.com.au\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Autism-Spectrum-Quotient-AQ.pdf\"> Autism Spectrum Quotient<\/a> (AQ) for adults which is used in screening and published by the Autism Research Centre in Cambridge. These include &#8216;I am fascinated by numbers&#8217; and &#8216;I don\u2019t particularly enjoy reading fiction&#8217;. In the <a href=\"https:\/\/novopsych.com.au\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Autism-Spectrum-Screening-Questionnaire-assq.pdf\">Autism Spectrum Screening Questionnaire<\/a> for children, one question asks if you &#8216;lack empathy&#8217;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Yiqing Zhong, 27, a postgraduate student at University College London who got her autism diagnosis last year, believes the Autism Spectrum Quotient makes it more difficult for women to get a diagnosis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>She explained: \u201cPeople will assume that autistic people are very sensitive to numbers or maths, but I\u2019m not. I\u2019m super insensitive to that. For a lot of autistic females, they may be more interested in art or literature.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"701\" height=\"773\" src=\"https:\/\/sheffieldwire.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/IMG_2125-3.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-64687\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sheffieldwire.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/IMG_2125-3.jpg 701w, https:\/\/sheffieldwire.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/IMG_2125-3-480x529.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) 701px, 100vw\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Yiqing Zhong<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Ms Zhong added that she has relatively good social mimicry skills and strong empathy ability. She said: \u201cSo I was worried before I went to my GP. I was afraid that they wouldn\u2019t believe me and wouldn\u2019t refer me because I don&#8217;t show the typical symptoms associated with autism or anything like that. I even made slides about my traits to convince them.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cIt&#8217;s just so hard for women to get a diagnosis. Females and males present very differently in terms of autism, but autism scale development is actually still based on males, which women can\u2019t fit into. This leads to more invisible autism in females.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cIt is highly possible for women, especially women like me, who can find a job, who can succeed in their degree and who look like a normal person, to get refused by their GPs because they would think you\u2019re not serious enough to get referred. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8220;This made it more difficult for autistic females to be understood and to be seen by society. Thus, it would make women feel more ashamed to express themselves and to justify their autism.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>&#8216;Standardised on largely male samples&#8217;<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Dr Atherton suggested that many of the instruments used to diagnose autistic people were &#8220;standardised on largely male samples\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>She said: \u201cThere&#8217;s a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC10446214\/\">big gender disparity <\/a>that a lot of people know about in autism. Males are much more likely to receive a diagnosis.&#8221; <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dr Atherton believes that, in general, males are less likely to mask, and thus it is easier for them to be noticed and diagnosed with autism. Females are more likely to be taught from a very early age to mask their autistic traits.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cI was always told to be polite, be kind, be nice and be all of these very pro-social things as a little girl, that might make me hide certain aspects of myself that might not be accepted. Because of this disparity in the socialisation of males and females, people like parents, teachers and medical professionals are less likely to associate autism with females,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"524\" src=\"https:\/\/sheffieldwire.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/EHU839LawLecPortraits-GrayAtherton002-X2-1024x524.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-64690\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sheffieldwire.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/EHU839LawLecPortraits-GrayAtherton002-X2-1024x524.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/sheffieldwire.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/EHU839LawLecPortraits-GrayAtherton002-X2-980x501.jpg 980w, https:\/\/sheffieldwire.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/EHU839LawLecPortraits-GrayAtherton002-X2-480x246.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) and (max-width: 980px) 980px, (min-width: 981px) 1024px, 100vw\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Dr Gray Atherton<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Dr Atherton also suggested that women who were diagnosed later in life reported higher levels of autistic traits <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/34482523\/\">based on her research.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cIt was a lot harder for women to get diagnosed late in life because they didn&#8217;t get that recognition earlier in their life. I think it has a tremendous impact on women. When they are missed for a diagnosis, it leads to a lot of stress, insecurity, and an increased risk of masking and camouflaging. These are really pressing issues.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Disproportionate research funding in gender bias<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The latest report from NHS announced that Small Business Research Initiative (SBRI) Healthcare has <a href=\"https:\/\/sbrihealthcare.co.uk\/news\/sbri-healthcare-awards-900000-to-accelerate-innovations-that-support-autistic-people-and-people-with-learning-disability\/\">invested over \u00a3900,000 in research about autism and learning disability<\/a>, but Dr Atherton suggested that there is not enough research funding for studying gender bias in autism.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>She said: \u201cIn my experience as an autism researcher and being familiar with the funding landscape, I don\u2019t think enough money goes to topics like this (gender disparity).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cI think that when you are competing for funding, and you present a topic like this (gender bias), it is a bit harder to get funding. In a sense, a lot of autism research money goes to other things.&#8221;\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dr Atherton suggested that a significant amount of funding would go into topics like the genetic or biological basis of autism. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>She added: \u201cConsidering what we do know about the proportion of money that goes to different topics within autism, not enough funding is going towards gender bias.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cI think that we need to divert a lot more funding and research resources towards reducing the gender disparity in autism&#8230;including providing extracurricular opportunities for specifically autistic females,&#8221; Dr Atherton added.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Women with autism are finding it harder to get a diagnosis due to a male bias in the methods used, according to a psychology expert. The ratio of autistic males to females is estimated at 3:1, but a &#8220;big gender disparity&#8221; and \u201cdisproportionate research funding\u201d is causing problems with female diagnosis, says Dr Gray Atherton, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":164,"featured_media":64690,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1805],"tags":[1377,1968,1969,1971,1970],"class_list":["post-64650","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-campaigns-autism","tag-autism","tag-autism-spectrum-quotient","tag-autism-spectrum-screening-questionnaire","tag-cambridge","tag-university-of-plymouth"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Women less likely to be diagnosed due to &#039;male bias&#039; of autism screening - Sheffield Wire<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/sheffieldwire.co.uk\/index.php\/2024\/05\/03\/women-less-likely-to-be-diagnosed-due-to-male-bias-of-autism-screening\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Women less likely to be diagnosed due to &#039;male bias&#039; of autism screening - Sheffield Wire\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Women with autism are finding it harder to get a diagnosis due to a male bias in the methods used, according to a psychology expert. The ratio of autistic males to females is estimated at 3:1, but a &#8220;big gender disparity&#8221; and \u201cdisproportionate research funding\u201d is causing problems with female diagnosis, says Dr Gray Atherton, [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/sheffieldwire.co.uk\/index.php\/2024\/05\/03\/women-less-likely-to-be-diagnosed-due-to-male-bias-of-autism-screening\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Sheffield Wire\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-05-03T10:53:16+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-05-03T10:53:20+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/sheffieldwire.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/EHU839LawLecPortraits-GrayAtherton002-X2.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1280\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"655\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Zhaona Li\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Zhaona Li\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Estimated reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sheffieldwire.co.uk\/index.php\/2024\/05\/03\/women-less-likely-to-be-diagnosed-due-to-male-bias-of-autism-screening\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sheffieldwire.co.uk\/index.php\/2024\/05\/03\/women-less-likely-to-be-diagnosed-due-to-male-bias-of-autism-screening\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Zhaona Li\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sheffieldwire.co.uk\/#\/schema\/person\/42e0b5b53b89e3ff7c1d988244461700\"},\"headline\":\"Women less likely to be diagnosed due to &#8216;male bias&#8217; 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